Conversion Tables
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Concentrations
| Percentage (%) | Part per Million (ppm) | Part per Billion (ppb) | Part per Trillion (ppt) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10,000 | 10,000,000 | 10,000,000,000 |
| 0.1 | 1,000 | 1,000,000 | 1,000,000,000 |
| 0.0001 | 1 | 1,000 | 1,000,000 |
| 0.0000001 | 0.001 | 1 | 1,000 |
| 0.0000000001 | 0.000001 | 0.001 | 1 |
| 0.0000000000001 | 0.000000001 | 0.000001 | 0.001 |
Common Units of Mass & Weight
| Metric System | Customary System (US/Imperial): | Conversions between systems |
|---|---|---|
| 1 kilogram (kg) = 1000 grams (g) | 1 pound (lb) = 16 ounces (oz). | 1 pound = 453.592 grams. |
| 1 gram (g) = 1000 milligrams (mg) | 1 ton = 2000 pounds | 1 kilogram = 2.20462 pounds |
| 1 metric ton = 1000 kilograms | 1 ounce = 28.3495 grams |
Common Units of Length
1 inch = 2.54 centimeter
1 mile = 5280 feet = 1.609 kilometers = 0.3048 meters
1 mile = 5280 feet = 1.609 kilometers
1 yard = 36 inches = 0.9144 meter
1 meter = 100 centimeters = 39.37 inches = 3.281 feet = 1.094 yards
1 kilometer = 1000 meter = 1094 yards = 0.6215 mile
1 angstrom = 1.0 X 10-8 centimeter = 0.10 nanometer = 1.0 X 10-10 meter
Common Units of Volume
1 liter = 1 cubic decimeter = 1000 cubic centimeters = 0.001 cubic meter
1 milliliter = 1 cubic centimeter = 0.001 liter
1 gallon = 3.7853 liters
Common Units of Pressure
| Unit | N·m-2 (Pa) | bar | atm | Torr (mm Hg) | lbs/sq.in. (psi) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 N·m -2 (1 Pa) | 1 | 10 -5 | 9.8692X10 -6 | 7.50062 X 10 -3 | 1.45038 X 10 -4 |
| 1 bar | 105 | 1 | 0.98692 | 750.062 | 14.5038 |
| 1 atm | 101325 | 1.01325 | 1 | 759.9988 | 14.6960 |
| 1 Torr (1 mm Hg) | 133.3224 | 1.333224 X 10 -3 | 1.31579 X 10 -3 | 1 | 1.93368 X 10 -2 |
| 10 lbs/sq.in. (psi) | 68948 | 0.68948 | 0.68046 | 517.148 | 10 |
Common Units of Energy
1 joule = 1 X 107 ergs
1 calorie = 4.184 joules = 4.184 X 107 ergs = 4.129 X 10-2 liter-atmosphere = 2.612 X 10-19 electron volts
1 erg = 1 X 10-7 joule = 2.3901 X 10-8 calorie
1 electron volt = 1.6022 X 10-19 joule = 1.6022 X 10-12 erg = 96.487 kJ/mol
1 liter atmosphere = 24.217 calories = 101.32 joules = 1.0132 X 109 ergs
1 British Thermal Unit = 1055.06 joules = 1.05506 X 1010 ergs = 252.2 calories
Gas Constant
R = 1.987 cal/mol K = 8.314 (N/m2) (m3)/ mol K = 0.08205 liter ·atm/ mole K
Common units of Temperature
1 centigrade or Celsius degree = 1.8 Fahrenheit degree
Temperature, Kelvin = T°C + 273.15
Temperature, Fahrenheit = 9/5 °C +32
Temperature, centigrade or Celsius = 5/9 (°F-32)
To view complete detail of Common Units of Temperature Click here.
Transmittance to Absorbance Conversion
A = 2.00-log %T
Temperature, Kelvin = T°C + 273.15 %T = %Transmittance
To view complete detail of Transmittance to Absorbance Click here.